Biden's comments, delivered at the opening of the Quad meeting of Indo-Pacific leaders in Tokyo, come a day after he broke with convention and volunteered US military support for Taiwan, the self-governed island claimed by China.
"This is more than just a European issue. It's a global issue," Biden said of the crisis in Ukraine before his meeting with the leaders of Australia, India and Japan.
Biden stressed Washington would stand with its allies and push for a free and open Indo-Pacific region.
"International law, human rights, must always be defended regardless of where they're violated in the world," he said.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy told global business leaders in Davos on Monday the world must increase sanctions against Russia to deter other countries from using "brute force" to achieve their aims.
The European Union is likely to agree on an embargo on Russian oil imports "within days", its biggest member Germany has said, as Moscow said its economic ties with China would grow amid its isolation by the West over the Ukraine conflict.
Many of the EU's 27 member states are heavily reliant on Russian energy, prompting criticism from Kyiv that the bloc has not moved quickly enough to halt supplies.
"We will reach a breakthrough within days," Germany's economy minister Robert Habeck told broadcaster ZDF.
Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said the Kremlin would focus on developing ties with China as economic links with the US and Europe were cut.
"If they (the West) want to offer something in terms of resuming relations, then we will seriously consider whether we will need it or not," he said in a speech, according to a transcript on the foreign ministry's website.
"Now that the West has taken a 'dictator's position', our economic ties with China will grow even faster."
Russia's three-month long invasion, the biggest attack on a European state since 1945, has seen more than 6.5 million people flee abroad, reduced cities to rubble, and widespread Western sanctions on Russia.
Zelenskiy on Monday called on Ukraine's allies to pressure Moscow into a prisoner exchange.
"The exchange of people - this is a humanitarian matter today and a very political decision that depends on the support of many states," Zelenskiy said in a question-and-answer video link at the World Economic Forum in Davos.
"We do not need the Russian servicemen, we only need ours," Zelenskiy said. "We are ready for an exchange even tomorrow."
Having last week captured the port city of Mariupol after a months-long siege, Russian forces now control a largely unbroken swathe of its neighbour's east and south.
They are trying to encircle Ukrainian forces and capture the Luhansk and Donetsk provinces that make up the eastern Donbas region, where Moscow backs separatist forces.
More than 12,500 Russians were trying to seize Luhansk, the region's governor, Serhiy Gaidai, said on Telegram.Â
The town of Sievierodonetsk is being destroyed, but Ukraine has forced Russian troops out of Toshkivka to its south, Gaidai said.
Donetsk regional governor Pavlo Kyrylenko told local television shelling was occurring along the front line, with the coalmining town of Avdiivka being hit round the clock.
Russian forces fired on 38 communities in Donetsk and Luhansk on Monday, killing seven people and injuring six, Ukraine's Joint Forces Task Force military command said.
Zelenskiy revealed Ukraine's worst military losses from a single attack of the war on Monday, saying 87 people had been killed last week when Russian forces struck a barracks at a training base in the north.
Denmark's pledge to send Harpoon anti-ship missiles and a launcher to Ukraine, announced by the United States on Monday, is the first sign since the Russian invasion that Kyiv will receive US-made weapons that significantly extend its striking range.
The missiles, made by Boeing, could be used to push the Russian navy away from Ukraine's Black Sea ports, allowing exports of grain and other agricultural products to resume.
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