Q fever is a serious bacterial infection which survives in the dust created by the summer sun.
The disease is spread to humans from animals.
It can cause flu-like symptoms that can be severe. Some people experience long-term health issues following infection.
Cattle, sheep and goats are the main sources of infection, however, a wide range of domestic and wild animals can spread the infection to humans.
Infected animals usually do not appear to be sick.
NSW Health says most infections occur from breathing in air or dust contaminated with Q fever bacteria from animal birth fluids, tissues or excretions.
The bacteria survive well in air, soil and dust and can infect animal products and materials such as clothing and straw.
People can be infected even if they are not in close contact with infected animals, especially in regional and rural areas, by breathing in infected particles and dust in the environment.
NSW Health says vaccination is the most effective way to prevent infection, and this is why vaccinations are recommended for those who work, live in or visit high risk environments.
The vaccine is strongly recommended for people aged 15 years and over whose work puts them in contact with high-risk animals or animal products and who have a high risk of getting infected with Q fever.
Anyone who thinks they might require a vaccine is asked to discuss the option with their GP.
Further information is also available by searching the relevant information at www.health.nsw.gov.au/Infectious/factsheets.
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